Why May 1 Is Observed As Labour Day? All You Need To Know

 

Labour Day and Maharashtra Day: Celebrating Workers and the Spirit of Maharashtra on May 1

Every year on May 1, people around the world come together to celebrate Labour Day, also known as International Workers' Day or May Day. It is a special day dedicated to honouring the contributions of workers and recognising their struggles and achievements in the workplace.

But in India, especially in the state of Maharashtra, May 1 holds not just one but two important meanings. While it is celebrated as Labour Day across the country, it is also known as Maharashtra Day, marking the formation of the state of Maharashtra in 1960. Let's take a closer look at the history and significance of this important day.

The History of Labour Day

Labour Day has its roots in the late 19th century, during the rise of the labour movement that fought for better working conditions. One of the key demands of workers around the world was the right to an eight-hour workday. This movement became especially powerful after the Haymarket affair in Chicago in 1886, where workers protesting for their rights faced police action.

Over time, May 1 was chosen as a day to honour workers' rights and became known as International Workers' Day in many countries. Today, it is a public holiday in several parts of the world, including India.

Labour Day in India

In India, Labour Day was first celebrated on May 1, 1923, in Chennai (then called Madras). It was organised by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan under the leadership of Singaravelu Chettiar, a prominent social activist and trade unionist. This event marked the start of a larger movement for workers' rights in India.

Since then, Labour Day has been observed every year with rallies, speeches, and awareness programs aimed at improving working conditions and ensuring fair treatment for workers across industries.

Why May 1 Is Special in Maharashtra

In Maharashtra, May 1 is extra special because it is also celebrated as Maharashtra Day (Maharashtra Diwas). This day commemorates the formation of the state of Maharashtra on May 1, 1960, after the Bombay State was divided into Maharashtra and Gujarat to create states based on language.

The demand for a separate Marathi-speaking state had been growing for years, leading to protests, movements, and political campaigns. Finally, the government agreed to reorganise the states, and Maharashtra was officially born on this day.

How May 1 is Celebrated

On Labour Day, labour unions and workers' organisations across Maharashtra and India hold marches, rallies, cultural programs, and seminars to raise awareness about workers' rights and push for stronger labour laws. It is a public holiday, and government offices, schools, and many businesses remain closed.

At the same time, Maharashtra Day celebrations take place with flag hoisting ceremonies, parades, cultural performances, and official speeches in Mumbai and other cities. The Governor of Maharashtra usually addresses the state, and awards are given to individuals who have made significant contributions to society.

Public buildings are decorated with lights, and cultural programs showcase the rich heritage and achievements of Maharashtra. For many, it is a day of pride, reflecting both the hardworking spirit of the people and the cultural unity of the state.

A Day of Dual Importance

May 1 is a day of double celebration in Maharashtra. It not only recognises the rights and contributions of workers through Labour Day but also honours the creation of the state through Maharashtra Day.

As people gather to celebrate, it serves as a reminder of the struggles that led to fairer working conditions and the long fight for a separate Marathi-speaking state. It is a day that encourages solidarity, pride, and reflection on how far society has come—and how much further it needs to go to ensure justice and equality for all.

Whether you are marching in a rally, attending a cultural event, or simply taking a moment to appreciate the history, May 1 stands as a powerful symbol of strength, unity, and progress.